[Diurnal changes in blood pressure, albuminuria and urinary excretion of retinol-binding protein in type I diabetics].

P Pontuch, E Toserová, J Bulas, H Kratochvíľová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):3-6

We studied 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), 16-h daytime and 8-h nighttime urinary excretion of albumin (UAE) and retinol-binding protein (URBP) in 20 type 1 diabetic patients (group 1) with normoalbuminuria (UAE < 20 micrograms/min) and 20 type 1 diabetic patients (group 2) with microalbuminuria and low proteinuria (UAE 20-500 micrograms/min). The groups were comparable in age, diabetes duration and actual glycaemic control. Daytime and nighttime SBP and DBP were higher in group 2 compared to group 1 (p < 0.01). Nighttime decrease in SBP and DBP correlated with nighttime decrease in UAE in group 2 (p < 0.05,...

[Levels of lactic acid in type II diabetics treated with buformin].

J Perusicová, J Skrha, A Hodinár, A Bernovská, V Cacáková, A Richtrová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):7-11

The objective of the work was to assess the blood lactate levels in type 2 diabetics selected at random, treated for prolonged periods with buformin. 77% of the investigated group of diabetics (N = 70) had elevated blood lactate levels and 16% of them had hyperlactataemia (more than 5.0 mmol/l). In 33% patients with an originally elevated lactataemia after 12 weeks of discontinued buformin treatment the lactic acid blood levels reached normal values. The lactate levels declined significantly (by more than 25% of the original value) after 6 weeks without buformin treatment in another 45% of the diabetic patients. In 18% of the investigated patients,...

[Short-term hospitalization for patient education--effect on metabolic compensation in type I diabetics].

M Kvapil

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):12-16

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of short-term hospitalization on metabolic compensation in type 1 diabetics with an intensified insulin regime who are admitted to hospital with the main purpose to participate in an intense educational and therapeutic programme. Twenty patients were examined, mean age 26.3 +/- 6.5 years, mean duration of diabetes 13.2 +/- 8.0 years, who participated in a 5-day educational therapeutic programme which takes place in the authors' department. The level of metabolic compensation was evaluated at the onset and at the end of the hospitalization by means of fructosamine (F), mean blood sugar level, Michaelis...

[Colchicine in the treatment of liver cirrhosis. 12 years' experience].

Z Frysák, Y Hrcková

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):17-19

The authors evaluate more than 12 years of their own experience with the administration of colchicine to patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Colchicine did not produce any apparent undesirable effects. The authors emphasize the absence of knowledge of prognostic parameters (except the stage of the disease and its activity) which would make it possible to evaluate in advance the effect of many years' treatment. They deal separately with a patient who entered their investigation in a very advanced stage of the disease and survived after he had recovered full compensation and did not depend on diuretic treatment.

[Free radial activity in patients with pneumoconioses].

J Kohout, V Holecek, K Soukupová, V Machartová, J Racek, V Senft

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):20-22

The authors examined indicators of the effect of free radicals (MDA, SOD, GSHPx, selenium) in 20 patients with notified simple silicosis or miner's pneumoconiosis, in 11 patients with complicated silicosis or miner's pneumoconiosis and in 10 patients exposed to fibrogenic dust without an X-ray finding of pneumoconiosis. No statistically significant differences between individual groups were found. Subsequent investigations should be focused on subjects with incipient pneumoconiosis who are not yet entitled to damages.

[Crouzon's syndrome, arthritis and crural ulcers].

S Alusík

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):23-25

The author describes a special inflammatory rheumatic disease in a 48-year-old female patient with Crouzon's syndrome which most probably could be included among seronegative spondarthritis. The author discusses the possible ratio of inborn disease in the atypical course of the rheumatic disease.

[Diabetic dyslipidemia and its treatment].

R Urbánek, J Rybka

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):26-30

A review on the lipid metabolism in IDDM and NIDDM. The paper deals with quantitative and qualitative lipid changes and their relationship with macrovascular diseases. Part of the paper is devoted also to practical problems of dietetic and medicamentous treatment of lipid disorders in diabetes and different hypolipidaemic agents are discussed in detail.

[Insulin resistance and pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (I)].

E Martinka, M Ochodnický, M Mokán

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):31-36

The authors present a review of current knowledge of insulin mechanism on cellular level and of the defects leading to diminished cellular insulin sensitivity and to development of insulin resistance (IR). Attention is focused primarily on IR in subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with main stress on the postreceptor level of insulin effect which includes glucose transport, storage (glycogen-synthesis) and glycolysis. The defects of these mechanisms (namely the decrease in glycogen-synthase activity) are considered the main causes of IR in patients with NIDDM. Beside the above mentioned factors the authors discuss some of...

[Use of beta-blockers in the treatment of chronic heart failure].

J Sutka, S Cagán

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):37-42

Recently in the world literature with increasing frequency reports are found on clinical studies investigating the use of beta-blockers in the treatment of chronic heart failure. The authors present a review of the problem comprising pathophysiological mechanisms at a receptor level up to investigations of the effect of beta-blockers on haemodynamics, the functional state of the left ventricle and survival. Although this promising and frequently controversial treatment is not accepted universally so far, partial data in the mentioned investigations indicate that when a more accurate dosage pattern is established and indications are specified in more...

[Non-invasive prognostic parameters in chronic heart failure].

J Spinar, J Vítovec, L Spinarová, J Toman

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):43-48

The relationship between baseline clinical, laboratory and auxiliary indicators on the one-year mortality was investigated in 125 patients with chronic heart failure caused by ischaemic heart disease or cardiomyopathy associated with dilatation. During the baseline examination all patients had cardiac symptoms-functional class NYHA II-IV- and their ejection fraction assessed by echocardiography was < 40% and/or their cardiothoracic index was > 50%. Within twelve months after the baseline examination 19 (15.2%) patients died. Signs of pulmonary congestion and the cardiothoracic index were the most significant prognostic indicator of the one-year...

[Chronic renal insufficiency. Present views on pathogenesis, clinical aspects and treatment].

A Kovác, M Demes, M Pavlovic, I Slugen

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):49-53

The authors present contemporary views on the pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of chronic renal failure. A comprehensive approach to the pathogenesis of renal failure revealed new therapeutic methods such as treatment with erythropoietin, vitamin D etc. The authors emphasize substantial changes in the quality and range of the clinical picture which developed due to the prolonged survival of patients with dialyzation treatment. New problems developed such as e.g. dialyzation amyloidosis, aluminium intoxication, endocrine changes, increased occurrence of malignities etc. These must be foreseen, diagnosed and treated. While during the first...

[Standard care of the diabetic foot].

V Bartose, E Záhumenský, A Jirkovská, J Rybka

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):54-56

[Kubát: Lactic acidosis--a rare or common disease?].

V Rosival

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(1):62