An acute bleeding from oesophageal varices as a result of portal hypertension is a frequent and serious complication of liver cirrhosis. The development of oesophageal varices and their rupture depends on the portal pressure. However, a range of other factors can contribute to a development of bleeding and its negative prognosis. A sample of 46 patients admitted for the acute bleeding has been compared to 48 cirrhosis patients hospitalised for other conditions in this work. There were significantly higher levels of nitrogenous matters in bleeding patients (urea 14.1 mmol/l vs. 7.78 mmol/l, p < 0.01, creatinine 129.8 micromol/l vs. 106.04 micromol/l, p = 0.09). Perhaps it can't be said that impaired renal functions alone increase the risk of bleeding. From this point of view they could rather be seen as definite prognostic markers of the degree of portal hypertension. Moreover, there was a decreased level of total proteins in bleeding patients (60.7 g/l vs. 69.9 g/l, p < 0.01) at a mild nonsignificant decrease of albumin (26.64 g/l vs. 28.51 g/l). Cirrhotic patients are known to suffer from malnutrition and there is a possibility that malnutrition can contribute to development of bleeding. A prognostic marker of mortality was a considerable impairment of liver function (bilirubin 97.4 micromol/l vs. 57.4 micromol/l; p = 0.1 and prolonged prothrombin time 1.99 INR vs. 1.56 INR; p = 0.09) and impaired kidney function (creatinine 166.7 micromol/l vs. 114.9 micromol/l, p = 0.09). Therefore a care of a good renal function must be a part of the complex care of bleeding patients.

Keywords: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Esophageal and Gastric Varices /etiology/; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage /etiology/; Humans; Hypertension, Portal /complications/; Kidney /physiopathology/; Male; Malnutrition /complications/; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Survival Rate