Anemia is probably the most widespread syndrome associated with a very wide spectrum of pathological conditions with a different genesis. In malignities and their treatment it is one of the very serious complications the impact of which is manifested in particular in the state of the circulation. Thus anemia can cause deterioration of primary cardiac and cardiovascular complications which develop either as a result of the malignant disease or as a result of its treatment by cardiotoxic drugs. Thus risk conditions with the functional consequence of cardiovascular impairement are potentiated. This can complicate the disease or limit therapeutic possibilities. In the submitted work the authors tried to analyze the importance of anemia from the aspect of cardiovascular pathophysiology and outline results of their own observation supported by data from the literature concerned with this problem. From the observations ensues that in the group of patients studied by the authors who had careful substitution treatment with erythrocyte concentrates there were no serious drops of Hb which could be of fundamental importance from the aspect of cardiovascular damage. For this reason the cardiovascular status can be evaluated only from the aspect of primary toxicity of oncological treatment (if we omit direct damage by the disease) and it is not necessary to consider the consequences of hematological complications which must be taken into account when HB levels are lower than 70 g/l.

Keywords: Anemia /complications/; Heart Diseases /diagnosis/; Hemodynamics; Humans