Vnitr Lek 2026, 72(4):256-260 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2026.050
Combined heme and nonheme iron: a detailed perspective on their synergy, biology, and significance based on new in vitro evidence
- Ústav farmakologie, 3. LF UK, Praha
Combining heme and nonheme iron represents a promising strategy capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional nonheme iron supplements. New in vitro evidence demonstrates that such formulations not only enhance iron absorption but also preserve and stabilise intestinal barrier integrity, supporting improved safety and tolerability. They concomitantly activate both major iron transport pathways, DMT1 and HCP1, while promoting intracellular metabolic handling through ferritin and ferroportin. These synergistic mechanisms explain the significantly higher bioavailability observed with combined formulations compared with traditional soluble iron salts. The recent findings suggest that combined heme and nonheme iron may provide an optimal supplementation approach, particularly for individuals with increased iron demands or impaired iron absorption.
Keywords: heme iron, nonheme iron, intestinal absorption, intestinal barrier integrity, metabolism.
Accepted: June 11, 2026; Published: June 24, 2026 Show citation
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