Moje setkávání s profesorem MUDr. Jiřím Vorlíčkem, CSc.

Zdeněk Adam

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):3-6  

Testicular malignit tumors - are we in the end of the road?

Jitka Abrahámová

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):8-14  

Testicular germ cell tumors are currently the most curable cancer in adults. The 5-year survival is 95 %. In spite of this many patients come to physician in advanced stage of disease. The early diagnosis is an only way to improve outcomes in accordance to standardization, successfulness of complex diagnostic and therapy algorithm. Misdiagnosis and errors of physicians are very rare nowadays however knowledge and oncology awareness of our young male population is inadequate. Health education targeted at young male population at risk has up to day large reserves.

Patient follow-up after treatment of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer

Tomáš Büchler

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):15-20  

The prevalence of malignant tumors (not including non-melanoma skin cancer) in the Czech Republic exceeds 350,000 persons, including patients with active disease and those with a history of malignancy. A substantial portion of this population are in long-term complete remission after cancer treatment. These patients are at high risk of cancer recurrence and long-term complications associated with previous cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to summarize current follow-up recommendations for the three most common solid tumor types, including breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer.

Differential diagnostics of hypereosinophilia

Michael Doubek, Yvona Brychtová, Jarmila Kissová, Miroslav Tomíška, Zdeněk Adam

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):21-27  

Hypereosinophilia is characterized by chronic increase of peripheral blood eosinophiles with common damage to various organs due to eosinophilic infiltration and release of mediators. Hypereosinophilia should be both reactive and clonal, and accompanies group of heterogeneous disorders (infectious, pulmonary, immunologic, malignant). Based on recent advances in molecular and genetic diagnostic techniques and increasing experience with differences in clinical features and prognosis, some subtypes of clonal hypereosinophilic syndromes have been defined, such as myeloproliferative variants, including chronic eosinophilic leukemia, and lymphocytic variants,...

Development and current utility of infobases in Czech cancer care

Ladislav Dušek, Milan Blaha, Jan Mužík, Ondřej Májek, Tomáš Pavlík, Petr Klika, Daniel Klimeš, Denisa Malúšková, Jakub Gregor, Michal Burger, Petr Brabec

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):28-35  

Evaluation of the quality and effectiveness of health care is an integral part of modern health care. It can only be performed with sufficiently detailed data sources describing each segment of care. In case of significant heterogeneity and lack of standardization of hospital information systems it is necessary to fully exploit existing parametric data sources. The valid systems for Czech cancer care: the National Cancer Registry, clinical registries of Czech Society for Oncology of the Czech Medical Association of J.E. Purkyne, registries of screening programs and administrative data form healthcare payers. From these registries we can obtain a very...

About pain - otherwise

Ladislav Kabelka

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):36-39  

We can speak about palliative medicine from different points of view. Twelve years in hospice care and my clinical, health policy and foreign experiences have ensured me that our medical service is one of the best in the world. Unfortunately, it is not completely balanced to acute care and does not have ability to reflect the needs of chronically ill patients. These patients are now the vast majority of aging population and the topics as (not only) geriatric fragility and palliative care will rise interest in daily clinical practice, in decision making process, in health policy and in economy in the coming 20 years. In this environment, we, the doctors,...

New antibiotics: do we need new molecules or new strategies?

Vladimír Krčméry, Naďa Kulková

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):40-45  

Even though the situation in the field of research and development of new antimicrobial agents is not ideal, the years of stagnation, especially among anti-gramnegative agents, seem to be over. During the years 2011-2012 we have witnessed a movement towards a development of some new antibiotic agents not only with anti-grampositive activity but with anti-gramnegative too, as well as new antituberculotics and antifungals. Here we present some of these new antiinfectives, presented in conferences during the last year, of which many are being shifted to the level of clinical trials of phase II-III, while others are in stage of preclinical studies.

Geriatric patient in oncology

Hana Matějovská Kubešová

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):46-53  

At the beginning of the article there are mentioned the stages of human life breakdown and breakdown of senior age by stages approximately corresponding to functional efficiency. Attention is paid to a specific geriatric regime respecting the differences of senior age. Article emphasizes the role of comprehensive geriatric assessment including evaluation of psychological changes and social aspects in accordance to optimal geriatric approach. Diagnostic strategy and oncology treatment in terms of prognosis and expected goals are also described. There are discussed the specifics of diseases in elderly patients in the cancer context. Present work reviews...

New aspects of impact of papillomavirus status in the therapy of head/neck cancer

Zdeněk Mechl, Dagmar Brančíková

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):54-57  

The human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as the causative agent of a growing subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The HPV status of the tumors provides prognostic information and may direct treatment strategies. The new and somewhat surprising results presented this years will have an important impact on the treatment of HPV positive head and neck cancers.

Ph-negative myeloproliferative diseases with thrombocythemia in the context of Thromboreductin® treatment, data from registry 2013

Miroslav Penka, Jiří Schwarz, Petra Ovesná, Libor Červinek, Petr Dulíček, Dagmar Pospíšilová, Jarmila Kissová, Tomáš Pavlík, kolektiv České pracovní skupiny pro Ph-negativní myeloproliferativní onemocnění (CZEMP)

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):58-68  

Czech Working Group for Ph-negative Myeloproliferative diseases (CZEMP) recommends anagrelid (Thromboreductin®) for the treatment of Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative disease (MPO) with thrombocythemia accompanying. To evaluate the efficacy of this treatment, the patient registry with essential thrombocythemia and/or thrombocytosis accompanying other Ph-negative myeloproliferative diseases was established. The beginnings of data collection go back to 2001, registry itself is maintained from 2005 and the aim is to archive the medical records with detailed physical and laboratory examination, safety patient profile included. The longest follow-up...

Diabetes mellitus and malignancies

Jiří Petera, Alena Šmahelová

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):69-74  

The epidemiological studies have proven an increased incidence of cancer in patients with diabetes and the negative effect of diabetes on their prognosis. The relation to type 2 diabetes was found in hepatic, pancreatic and endometrial malignancies, in colorectal, breast and bladder cancers. Diabetes as well as malignancies are multifactorial diseases with a number of common risk factors: age, gender, race, overweight and obesity, diet, physical activity. A higher incidence of malignancies in diabetic patients is not only a result of sharing these risk factors, as diabetes itself predisposes to carcinoma development. Possible mechanisms producing this...

Palliative medicine and the "good death"

Ondřej Sláma

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):75-79  

Palliative care can improve the quality of life in terminally ill patients and allow them to achieve a "good death". Active assessment and proactive interventions on all levels of patient's suffering is of major importance. The articel proposes a theoretical model of the "good death" and brings practical recommendations for the implementation of palliative care into routine clinical practice.

Clinical evaluation of new drugs against orphan diseases in oncology - the current situation in Europe and in our country

Jaroslav Štěrba, Sylva Štěrbová, Daniela Kodytková, Dalibor Valík, Regina Demlová

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):80-85  

Cancer represents one of the main causes of death among diseases across the age spectrum. Tumors in children, however, represent less than 1% of the total number of cancers in the population and in terms of the definition of orphan diseases in Europe are all children's cancers considered as orphan diseases. This is the reason why the research and development of new agents against cancer in childhood stands outside of the main interest. Every year around 30,000 new cases of cancer in children and adolescents are diagnosed in the European Unioun (EU) and approximately 80% of them achieve long-term remission using mainly conventional methods of treatment....

Palliative care and chronic heart failure

Jiří Vítovec, Ladislav Kabelka, Lenka Špinarová, Jindřich Špinar

Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(Suppl 2):86-90  

Heart failure is a very common clinical syndrome in cardiology which reduces life expectancy and has a significant impact on the quality of life. The treatment of heart failure improves survival thus the number of patients who reach the terminal state increases with this diagnosis. Major symptoms and psychosocial difficulties begin to appear during therapy which aims to prolong life or cure the life limiting illnesses. The World Health Organization (WHO) changed its definition in 2002 and concluded that palliative care should be provided "in the early stages of disease, together with another treatment that prolongs life." Palliative care involves multiple...