Vnitr Lek 2024, 70(7):E11-E13 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2024.094
N-acetylcysteine for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy
- I. interná klinika UN LP a UPJŠ LF v Košiciach
N-acetylcysteine (ACC) is an acetylated variant of the amino acid L-cysteine and is primarily used as a specific antidote for paracetamol overdose. Other indications for its application include prevention of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, relief of flu symptoms, treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, treatment of infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome resistant to clomiphene, moreover, in the treatment of autism, Alzheimer's disease, bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and drug addiction. In addition, ACC may also play a role as a chemoprevention of malignancies, an adjunct in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and in the prophylaxis of gentamicin-induced hearing loss in hemodialysis patients. Despite some controversy, ACC is also recommended for the prevention of contrast-induced renal injury during imaging procedures. According to current recommendations, ACC should be given prophylactically before the examination, or procedure with the use of contrast material in patients who have chronic kidney disease and at least one of the following: diabetes mellitus, heart failure, age over 74 years, are taking nephrotoxic drugs, are awaiting percutaneous coronary intervention, or the volume of contrast material to be administered, is more than 19 ml.
Keywords: N-acetylcysteine, contrast induced nephropathy, acute kidney injury.
Accepted: November 11, 2024; Published: November 14, 2024 Show citation
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