Vnitr Lek 2010, 56(12):1286-1291

Immunoendocrine associations in adrenal glands

I. Šterzl*, P. Hrdá
Endokrinologický ústav Praha, ředitel doc. MUDr. Vojtěch Hainer, CSc.

Immune and endocrine systems are basic regulatory mechanisms of organism and, including the nervous system, maintain the organism's homeostasis. The main immune system representatives are mononuclear cells, T- and B-cells and their products, in the endocrine system the main representatives are cells of the glands with inner secretion and their products. One of the most important glands for maintaining homeostasis are adrenal glands. It has been proven that either cells of the immune system, either endocrine cells can, although in trace amounts, produce mutually mediators of both systems (hormones, cytokines). Disorders in one system can lead to pathological symptoms in the other system. Also here represent adrenals an important model.

Keywords: adrenal glands; Addison's disease; lymphocytes; cytokines; glucocorticoids; autoantibodies; autoantigens

Received: October 4, 2010; Published: December 1, 2010  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Šterzl I, Hrdá P. Immunoendocrine associations in adrenal glands. Vnitr Lek. 2010;56(12):1286-1291.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Addison T. On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the suprarenal capsules. In a collection of the published writings of the late Thomas Addison, MD, physician to Guy's Hospital, London. London: New Sydenham Society 1986 (reprinted in Medical Classics 1937, 2, 244-293).
    2. Schmidt MB. Eine biglandulate Eokankung (Nebennieren ind Schildruse) bei Morbus Addisonii. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 1926; 21: 212-221.
    3. Carpenter C, Solomon N, Silverberg S et al. Schmidt's syndrome (thyroid and adrenal insufficiency). A review of the literature and a report of 15 new cases including 10 instances of co-existend diabetes mellitus. Medicien (Baltimore) 1964; 43: 153-180.
    4. Neufeld M, Blizzard RM. Polyglandular autoimmune disease. In: Pinchera A, Doniach D, Fenzi GF et al (eds). Symposium on Autoimmune Aspects of Endocrine Disordes. New York: Acadenic Press 1980: 357-365.
    5. Šterzl I. Přehledná imunoendokrinologie. Praha: Maxdorf 2006: 39-41.
    6. Šterzl I. Přehledná imunoendokrinologie. Praha: Maxdorf 2006: 48-50.
    7. Šterzl I, Hampl R, Sterzl J et al. 7Beta-OH-DHEA counteracts dexamethasone induced suppression of primary immune response in murine spleenocytes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1999; 71: 133-137. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Coco G, Dal Pra C, Presotto F et al. Estimated risk for developing autoimmune Addison's disease in patients with adrenal cortex autoantibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 1637-1645. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Betterle C, Dal Pra C, Mantero F et al. Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes: autoantibodies, autoantigens, and their applicability in diagnosis and disease prediction. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 327-364. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Kahaly GJ. Polyglandular autoimmune syndromes. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 161: 11-20. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Erichsen MM, Løvås K, Skinningsrud B et al. Clinical, immunological, and genetic features of autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency: observations from a Norwegian registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 4882-4890. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Brozzetti A, Marzotti S, Tortoioli C et al. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 Ala17 polymorphism is a genetic marker of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency: Italian association study and meta-analysis of European studies. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 162: 361-369. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Betterle C, Dal Pra C, Mantero F et al. Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes: autoantibodies, autoantigens, and their applicability in diagnosis and disease prediction. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 327-364. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Bratland E, Skinningsrud B, Undlien DE et al. T cell responses to steroid cytochrome P450 21-hydroxylase in patients with autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 5117-5124. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Winqvist O, Karlsson FA, Kämpe O. 21-Hydroxylase, a major autoantigen in idiopathic Addison's disease. Lancet 1992; 339: 1559-1562. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Bednarek J, Furmaniak J, Wedlock N et al. Steroid 21-hydroxylase is a major autoantigen involved in adult onset autoimmune Addison's disease. FEBS Lett 1992; 309: 51-55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Baumann-Antczak A, Wedlock N, Bednarek J et al. Autoimmune Addison's disease and 21-hydroxylase. Lancet 1992; 340: 429-430. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Song YH, Connor EL, Muir A et al. Autoantibody epitope mapping of the 21-hydroxylase antigen in autoimmune Addison's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 78: 1108-1112. Go to original source...
    19. Peterson P, Uibo R, Peränen J et al. Immunoprecipitation of steroidogenic enzyme autoantigens with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS I) sera; further evidence for independent humoral immunity to P450c17 and P450c21. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 335-340. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Betterle C, Coco G, Zanchetta R. Adrenal cortex autoantibodies in subjects with normal adrenal function. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 19: 85-99. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Scherbaum WA, Berg PA. Development of adrenocortical failure in non-Addisonian patients with antibodies to adrenal cortex. A clinical follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1982; 16: 345-352. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Ketchum CH, Riley WJ, Maclaren NK. Adrenal dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with adrenocortical autoantibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58: 1166-1170. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Laureti S, De Bellis A, Muccitelli VI et al. Levels of adrenocortical autoantibodies correlate with the degree of adrenal dysfunction in subjects with preclinical Addison's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 3507-3511. Go to original source...
    24. De Bellis AA, Falorni A, Laureti S et al. Time course of 21-hydroxylase antibodies and long-term remission of subclinical autoimmune adrenalitis after corticosteroid therapy: case report. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 675-678. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Šterzl I, Hrdá P, Matucha P et al. Polyglandulární aktivace autoimunity jako projev subklinických endokrinopatií. Čas Lék Čes 2007; 146: 256-261.
    26. Weetman AP. Autoimmunity to steroid-producing cells and familial polyendocrine autoimmunity. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 9: 157-174. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Chen S, Sawicka J, Betterle C et al. Autoantibodies to steroidogenic enzymes in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, Addison's disease, and premature ovarian failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 1871-1876. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Betterle C, Volpato M, Greggio AN et al. Type 2 polyglandular autoimmune disease (Schmidt's syndrome). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1996; 9 (Suppl 1): 113-123. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Bottazo GF, Mirakian R, Drexhage HA. Adrenalitis, oophoritis and autoimmune polyglandular disease. In: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Schwarz DB et al (eds). Clinical immunology, principles and practice. St Louis: Mosby 1996: 1523-1536.
    30. Dal Pra C, Chen S, Furmaniak J et al. Autoantibodies to steroidogenic enzymes in patients with premature ovarian failure with and without Addison's disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2003; 148: 565-570. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Hoek A, Schoemaker J, Drexhage HA. Premature ovarian failure and ovarian autoimmunity. Endocr Rev 1997; 18: 107-134. Go to original source...

    Return to the content


    Vnitřní lékařství

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.