Vnitr Lek 2025, 71(7):451-455 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2025.081

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a comprehensive overview of pathogenesis, diagnostics and therapeutic options

Martina Doubková
Klinika nemocí plicních a tuberkulózy FN Brno a LF MU, Brno

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, formerly known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an immune-mediated interstitial lung disease triggered by repeated inhalation of organic or inorganic antigens. Current classification distinguishes between non-fibrotic and fibrotic forms, with the fibrotic phenotype associated with worse outcomes. Diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach. Management is based on antigen avoidance, with glucocorticoid therapy cosiderec in symptomatic patients; antifibrotic treatment may be appropriate for progressive fibrotic diseasse. Early diagnosis and identification of the causative antigen remain crucial for optimizing patient prognosis.

Keywords: hypersensitivity pneumonitis, fibrotic and non-fibrotic phenotype, antigen exposure, glucocorticoids, antifibrotic drugs.

Accepted: October 16, 2025; Published: October 31, 2025  Show citation

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Doubková M. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a comprehensive overview of pathogenesis, diagnostics and therapeutic options. Vnitr Lek. 2025;71(7):451-455. doi: 10.36290/vnl.2025.081.
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