Roční sledování vedlejších účinků podávání sitagliptinu u pacientů s diabetem 2. typu - editorial

Alena Adamíková

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):431-432  

Kardiomyopatie v MR obraze - editorial

Martin Pleva

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):433  

Neinfekční a nenádorové lymfadenopatie - editorial

Karel Veselý

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):434  

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: analysis of practice at the endoscopic center of tertiary medical care

Karel Balihar, Eva Janská, Lucie Zdrhová, Jan Kotyza, Václav Hejda, Jana Koželuhová

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):435-441  

Introduction:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a minimally invasive routine procedure used to provide long-term enteral nutrition in selected patients with impaired oral intake. The knowledge of clinical, technical and safety features of PEG is an important issue in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the popu-lation of patients selected for PEG insertion, describe certain aspects of the insertion procedure, assess the service life of PEG, as well as account for the number of complications and patient mortality in the six-month period following the procedure. Methods:We used a retrospective...

Diabetic Kidney Disease 3^rd stage - laboratory markers of mineral bone disorder

Adriana Klimentová, Ivana Ságová, Dana Prídavková, Daniela Kantárová, Pavol Makovický, Jurina Sadloňová, Marián Mokáň

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):442-448  

Background:Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of end stage kidney disease in the developed countries. Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) develops with deteriorating of the renal functions. Diabetic patients on hemodialysis are characterized by low bone turnover, higher prevalence of severe and progressive vascular calcification with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The main factor which causes vascular calcification in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is poor glycemic control. The recent trial findings describe an inverse correlation between intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) serum...

Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer

Jan Šmrha, Petr Kessler, Hynek Poul, Michaela Harudová

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):449-452  

Background:The treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is recommended for patients with cancer associated thrombosis (CAT) during the first 6 months; the initial therapeutic dose can be reduced to 60-75 % after one month. The therapy should be reevaluated after 6 month and subsequent therapy using LMWH or warfarin is recommended indefinitely, unless the cancer is resolved or any major contraindications arise. Aims:To analyze the usage of various treatment modalities in CAT patients after the initial 6 month period according to the course of cancer. Patients and methods:87 patients with CAT were followed...

Annual monitoring of side effects of administering sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Michal Anděl, Pavel Škrha, Pavel Kraml, Jana Potočková, Iva Hoffmanová, Elena Šilhová, Josef Fontana, Anna Richterová, Martin Gadiredi, Petr Bušek, Lucie Šromová, Aleksi Šedo

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):455-461  

We present the results of an independent, drug company-unsupported follow-up of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor sitagliptin. 29 patients (16 men, 13 women) used sitagliptin 100 mg daily for one year as an add-on to their chronic antidiabetic therapy. 16 type diabetic patients formed a control group - they used their chronic antidiabetic therapy without sitagliptin. 10 additional patients (6 men and 4 women) were enrolled in the study and treated with sitagliptin for one month. Body weight, BMI, glycaemia, glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c), cholesterolemia, triacylglycerolemia and...

Acute causes of sudden deaths in patients with severe hypoglycemia

Tomáš Bolek, Matej Samoš, Michal Mokáň, Peter Galajda, Marián Mokáň

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):462-466  

Hypoglycemia is a serious event, which is associated with the neurological and cardiovascular events. Hypoglycemia can be also associated with sudden death, however, the prevalence of these sudden deaths is not exactly known. Hypoglycemia is associated with the risk of sudden death in patients with type 1. and 2. type diabetes mellitus and also in critically ill patients. Sudden death can occure due to cardiovascular, neurological or metabolic disorders associated with hypoglycemia. The article provides a review of current knowledge about the prevalence of severe hypoglycemia, the association between hypoglycemia and sudden deaths and about the causes...

Cardiomyopathy in MR image

Lenka Křivková, Věra Feitová, Jiří Vaníček

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):467-473  

The purpose of this article is to summarize some general information about the most common types of cardiomyopathies with an emphasis on a use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in its diagnosis. Although characteristic CMR findings of the cardiomyopathy are generally revealed, the establishing of a clear diagnosis could be difficult. The assessment of structural myocardial abnormalities allows determination of the degree of changes in the myocardium and the prognosis of the disease. The wide range of information about the heart structure and function is feasible to achieve due to advanced techniques of magnetic resonance imaging and the imaging...

HOPE-3 study: statins reduce cardiovascular events in patients with an intermediate risk of ISHD

Jiří Widimský

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):474-476  

The HOPE-3 study focused on identifying the significance of the polypill and mini-polypill in broad clinical practice, including individuals of different gender without cardiovascular diseases with an intermediate risk of cardiovascular diseases. The authors were interested in the question whether people from various antropologhy groups including not only white people but also other antropologhy groups - the blacks, people of Asian and South American origin and more covering 6 continents, would respond in a similar way. The study mainly examined the significance of the mini-polypill, comprising the use of antihypertensive treatment (16 mg candesartan...

microRNA and internal medicine: from pathophysiology to the new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

Jan Novák, Miroslav Souček

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):477-485  

microRNAs (abbreviated miRNAs or miRs) represents one of the group of so called small non-coding RNAs which participate in the negative post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. According to the base complementarity they target molecules of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) which results either in translational blockade or in degradation of target mRNA. One miRNA usually targets more mRNA and one mRNA is usually targeted by more than one miRNA - complicated and interconnected regulatory networks are thus created and their disruption leads to the abnormalities in development or results in the development of diseases. Within the past two decades, novel...

Insulin application techniques in adult patients with diabetes

Tomáš Pelcl, Martin Prázný

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):486-490  

Treatment of diabetes mellitus with insulin is associated with a large number of subcutaneous injections. Incorrect insulin application technique can lead to complications both local (lipohypertrophy, scars) and systemic (high variability of insulin absorption and action, unexpected hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, suboptimal overall glucose control). Regarding insulin application, we need to pay particular attention to the risk of intramuscular application and consequent less expectable insulin effect. The risk of accidental intramuscular administration of insulin is reduced when shorter 4 mm insulin pen needles are used. Repeated application of insulin...

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy: FDG-PET/CT documented partial remission after treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine

Zdeněk Adam, Jiří Mašlaň, Leoš Křen, Roman Kodet, Renata Koukalová, Zdeněk Řehák, Libor Červinek, Luděk Pour, Marta Krejčí, Viera Sandecká, Zdeněk Král, Jiří Mayer

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):491-499  

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) is a very rare disease belonging to a group of histiocytoses (more precisely non-Langerhans cell histiocytoses). Rosai-Dorfman disease is characterised by the presence of atypical histiocytic cells in the sinuses of lymph nodes or in the extranodal lymphoid tissue, absorbing lymphocytes and plasma cells. The structure and function of the absorbed cells is not impaired and they can leave histiocytes as viable cells. This effect is called emperipolesis, whereas ingestion of cells with their destruction is called phagocytosis. In our text we describe a patient with this disease located,...

Debora Karetová, Jan Bultas. Farmakoterapie tromboembolických stavů

Miroslav Chochola, Josef Marek

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):504  

Odešel prof. MUDr. Bořivoj Semrád, CSc. *7. 11. 1938 †19. 6. 2016

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):500  

Bolest v diabetologické ambulanci. Zpráva z IX. mezioborového setkání diabetologických týmů, tentokrát s algeziology, psychiatry, psychology a psychoterapeuty

Silvie Lacigová, Daniela Čechurová

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):501-502  

Symposium of the International Atherosclerosis Society - Anitschkow Days

Jan Novák

Vnitr Lek 2016, 62(6):503