[Ghrelin and anorexia nervosa].

J Cáp

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):919-920

[Clinical and echocardiographic changes in diabetics and nondiabetics with left heart failure].

J Spinar

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):921-922

[Editorial on the article by L. Husova, et al: "Effect of bacterial infections on the development and course of acute hemorrhage in esophageal varices"]].

T Vanásek

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):923

[Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) more than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels predict the progression of liver fibrosis in chronic HCV infection].

J Stránský, M Ryzlová, J Striteský, J Horák

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):924-928

The development and severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV infection can be evaluated best according to the staging of fibrosis in blind liver biopsy. So far there is however no biochemical indicator suggesting advanced fibrosis or progression of fibrosis in chronic HCV infection. In 1997 - 1999 60 adult out-patients (32 women) with chronic HCV infection were examined by blind liver biopsy. The grading of hepatitis was scored according to Knodell and staging of fibrosis according to Desmet. All patients were anti-HCV positive, assessed by the ELISA-3 method and 48/60 had positive HCV RNA in serum. The main risk factor of HCV infection...

[In Time? Time interval between first symptoms to hospital admission of patients with acute coronary syndromes].

R Polásek, R Spacek, A Yamamotová, F Málek, I Karel, M Dunaj, P Stanka

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):929-935

OBJECTIVE: To assess the pre-hospital delay, i.e. the period which elapses between the onset of pain on the chest and admission to hospital in patients hospitalized on account of acute coronary syndrome. To analyze factors which influence this time interval and obtain thus data for a strategy leading to reduction of the pre-hospital delay.METHOD: Collection of data by means of a questionnaire focused on the time of onset of pain on the chest, time of contact with the health service, time of admission to hospital, type of transport of the patient to hospital, socioeconomic data, manifestations of ischaemic heart disease during the premorbid period...

[Subclinical rejection of kidney transplants and the possibilities of its diagnosis].

K Krejcí, J Zadrazil, J Horcicka, S Al-Jabri, J Dusek, T Tichý, P Bachleda, V Král

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):936-942

RESOURCE: The subclinical rejection is defined as finding of histological signs of rejection on well functioning grafts. Its diagnostic domain remains protocol biopsy. The diagnostic value of ultrasound scaning in subclinical rejection has not been studied yet.AIM: The aim of our study was to detect the incidence of subclinical rejection in protocol biopsies in the first three months after kidney transplantation and to find out the ultrasound correlation to histological picture of subclinical rejection with special accent on ultrasound signs of parenchymal oedema, quantity and quality of perfusion emphasising their changes in process of time.METHODS:...

[Prediction of changes in bone density during alendronate treatment in postmenopausal women].

P Masaryk, M Stancíková, A Letkovská, J Rovenský

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):943-947

Alendronate is an aminobisphosphonate, a selective inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Due to its influence a decline of markers of bone turnover occurs. The latter react much sooner than it is possible to detect significant changes of bone density. In the submitted trial the authors investigated changes of selected markers: total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal telopeptide fragment of collagen type I (NTx) after 3 months' treatment with alendronate, the influence on bone density after one year's treatment in 50 postmenopausal women with densitometrically verified osteoporosis. After one-year treatment in the...

[The changes in serum ghrelin levels and their relationship to IGF-I, its binding proteins and leptin in women patients with anorexia nervosa].

M Krsek, M Rosická, M Haluzík, H Papezová, J Krízová, V Justová, Z Lacinová, Z Jarkovská

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):948-951

Ghrelin is recently discovered peptide hormone involved in the regulation of growth hormone secretion as well as in the regulation of food intake and energetic homeostasis. The study was aimed to describe the changes in ghrelin serum levels in patients with anorexia nervosa and its relationship to some other studied parameters. Sixteen women patients with anorexia nervosa and thirteen healthy women of comparable age were examined clinically and blood samples were taken for estimation of serum levels of ghrelin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor, IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3. Ghrelin serum levels were significantly increased in the group of patients with...

[The comparison of clinical and echocardiographic changes in diabetics 2nd type and nondiabetics in patients with shortness of breath due to left ventricular failure].

J Charvát, J Chlumský, T Vanecek, D Samková, R Tylová, M Kvapil

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):952-955

In our study we have examined 198 patients admitted to hospital for shortness of breath at rest due to left ventricle failure. We have divided the patients into two groups according to the presence of diabetes mellitus. We have excluded the patients with noncardiac cause of pulmonary congestion, with valvular or congenital heart disease and with acute coronary syndromes. We have evaluated the presence of hypertension, value of blood sugar on admission, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and medication given for heart insufficiency. We have also compared two dimensional transthoracal echocardiogaphic examination in diabetics to nondiabetics....

[Inflammatory parameters in patients with a cerebrovascular attack].

J Chlumský, D Holá, R Kratochvílová

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):956-958

OBJECTIVE: Provide evidence whether there is a difference in the presence of inflammatory parameters in patients with cerebrovascular attacks (CVA) with a thrombotic etiology as compared with a CVA with an embolic etiology.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 45 patients with an acute CVA the level of C reactive protein (CRP) was assessed, interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and the value of the D-dimer. Patients with clinical signs of inflammation were eliminated. 21 patients had a sinus rhythm (SR) and 24 patients atrial fibrillation (AF).RESULTS: Between the group of patients with SR and AF there was no difference in age or sex distribution....

[Acid-base balance in haemodialyzed patients].

P Hrabcáková, M Mydlík, A Molcányiová

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):959-961

Metabolic acidosis is a known complication of chronic renal failure. Maintenance of the pH within the reference range is important for influencing manifestations of the uraemic syndrome and the mortality of haemodialyzed patients. Intermittent bicarbonate haemodialysis should ensure the acid-base balance within the reference range also during the interval between haemodialyzations. In a short-term prospective study 20 haemodialyzed patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis were examined. The authors assessed indicators of the acid-base balance (pH, HCO3-, pCO2) at the time of two haemodialyses and during the interval between haemodialyses....

[Screening for colorectal carcinoma in the region surrounding the city of Frýdek-Místek between 1999 - 2001].

O Urban, P Chalupa, J Reha, J Orhalmi, A Hájek, K Paiger, I Vasutová, A Garcic, B Bubeník

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):962-965

The results of the colorectal carcinoma screening project in the region of Frýdek-Místek for the period of 1999 - 2001 are presented here. Of the 225 patiens diagnosed with carcinoma, 9 of the cases (4 %) were detected using the fecal occult bleeding test. Of 1000 people tested, a factor of 2.9 patients with carcinoma and 12.5 patients with adenomatous polyps were diagnosed, with 7.3 % test positivity. A statistically significant shift has been noted to detection in earlier stages of the disease (p = 0.05). From 49 - 53 % of the patients operated on in the period of 1999 - 2001 had their tumors in the stage A or B according to Dukes, a 13 - 17 % increase...

[Simvor in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinaemia].

R Ceska, T Kvasnicka, V Bláha, J Piťha, V Soska

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):966-970

BACKGROUND: Treatment of hyperlipoproteinaemias (HLP) is a basic step in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its complications. Simvastatin is among hypolipidaemic agents a preparation for which at present there is most evidence from intervention trials. On the Czech market are at present in addition to the original one also some other preparations of simvastatin. In the submitted paper the authors present results achieved with the preparation Simvor (Rambaxy, distribution in CR Interchemia), tablets containing 20 mg simvastatin. CHARACTERISTIC OF GROUP AND METHODS: In 15 departments in the CR a total of 185 patients with HLP were examined,...

[Transcutaneous oxygen tension in hyperbaric condition as a predictor of ischaemia in non-healing diabetic foot ulcers].

D Cechurová, Z Rusavý, S Lacigová, J Růzicka, M Novák, Z Jankovec

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):971-975

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to evaluate the contribution of basal and modify transcutaneous oxygen tension measurement (TcpO2) to diagnosis of ischaemia and indication of angiography in non-healing diabetes foot ulcers:METHOD: 69 patients with non-healing diabetic ulcers localised on 76 legs underwent angiography (DSA) and basal and modify TcpO2 measurement after 100 % O2 exposition under normo- and hyperbaric conditions. CHARACTERISTIC OF PATIENTS: mean age 66 years (42 81), diabetes duration 14.3 years (1 - 36), glycated hemoglobin 7.9 % (+/-1,35).RESULTS: Clinically important angiographic findings were obtained in 80 % (61/76) all...

[Double blind randomized multicentre study of a seven-day eradication regime of Helicobacter pylori by omeprazole, clarithromycin and ornidazole vs. omeprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole].

P Dítě, M Kunovská, D Pulgretová, V Woznica, J Petrtýl, P Hůlek, J Pásková, Z Dostalík, I Novotný, V Procházka, P Hegyi, J Zelenková, M Samek, Z Králová, P Vyhnálek, F Matejovic, J Weinberg, J Kyzeková

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):976-980

Effective eradication regimes of Helicobacter pylori infections are nowadays based on administration of a substance with a strong suppressive effect on production of gastric HCl combined with two antibiotics. As suppressor of gastric HCl production unequivocally some drug from the group of proton pump blockers is used. As to antibiotics, in first line therapy the following are recommended: clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole. A problem in the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection in recent years is the increasing resistance to clarithromycin and apparently also metronidazole. In the Czech Republic the resistance to clarithromycin...

[Diagnostic possibilities of late cardiotoxic sequelae of chemotherapy with anthracyclines].

L Elbl, H Hrstková, V Chaloupka, J Novotný

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):981-988

Anthracyclines areamong the most frequently used cytostatics in the treatment of haematological malignities and some solid tumours in childhood and adult age. They affect cellular proliferation in several ways. One of them is the formation of semiquinone radicals which form with oxygen toxic peroxides which damage the myocyte and lead to cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines has become a clinical problem as it restricts the administered dose of the cytostatic and has become particularly urgent after discovery of the late toxicity which appears some years after termination of anti-tumourous treatment. Damage of the left ventricle is usually...

[Influence of bacterial infection on the development and course of acute haemorrhage from oesophageal varices].

L Husová, J Lata, M Senkyrík, P Husa

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):989-992

Acute haemorrhage from the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent complication which develops in ca 35-66 % of patients with cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension. It is assumed that one of the trigger mechanisms of varicose haemorrhage can be bacterial infection. However accurate data on the influence of infection on the development and course of haemorrhage are still lacking. The mortality of patients bleeding from oesophageal varices is very high (30-70%). Usually the cause of death is not haemorrhagic shock but haemorrhage-induced changes which lead to hepatic failure. It is assumed that in this very process an important...

[Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in non-differentiated small cell lung cancer].

M Griva, J Kubánek

Vnitr Lek 2002, 48(10):993-995

Hyponatraemia is one of the most frequent disorders of the electrolyte metabolism. One of the causes may be also the syndrome of inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion. The cause of increased production of antidiuretic hormone can be not only a pathological condition affecting the hypothalamo-pituitary system but also ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone or peptide with the same effect on the distal portion of the nephron. A classical type of malignant tumour where the syndrome of inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion develops is small cell lung cancer. It is also known that some pharmaceutical preparations stimulate the output of antidiuretic...