Vnitřní lékařství, 2001 (vol. 47), issue 11
[Pharmacologic insult as a cause of acute kidney failure with a need for acute hemodialysis therapy].
J Forejt, M Horácková, J Hása, R Safárová, S Vanková, J Votocek
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):733-738
Acute renal failure is a heterogeneous disease. In advanced countries the incidence of acute renal failure is rising steadily in the elderly population. One of the serious causes of renal failure in this age group are pharmacological preparations and iodine radiocontrast diagnostic substances. It was revealed that also commonly used drugs may have a nephrotoxic potency in subjects with pre-existing renal disease and/or in certain clinical risk situations. In a group of 133 acutely haermodialyzed patients at the medical department we made a detailed clinical and economic analysis of treatment in a group of patients haemodialyzed on account of acute...
[Prognostic significance of stress tomographic scintigraphy of myocardial perfusion in diabetic patients].
M Kamínek, M Myslivecek, M Skvarilová, O Weinbergová, R Metelka, V Husák, O Lang, P Koranda
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):739-743
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic value of SPECT in patients with diabetes (DM) and without DM.METHOD: A total of 366 patients (104 women, 262 men) were examined by T1 +/- 201 or Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT of the myocardium. DM was recorded in 149 patients, 217 patients did not suffer from DM. The SPECT findings were classified as normal and abnormal perfusion (fixed or reversible perfusion defect). A serious cardiac event was defined as sudden cardiac death or non-fatal myocardial infarction. Also angina pectoris requiring revascularization was recorded.RESULTS: During the average investigation period of 24 +/- 7 months we recorded in 147 patients...
[Sonography findings in the carotid arteries in diabetics before aortocoronary bypass].
J Chlumský, J Charvát, P Hájek
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):744-746
UNLABELLED: Neurological complications of patients during cardiac operations are closely associated with affections of the carotid arteries. The relationship of diabetes to these findings was not investigated so far. During the period between July 1 and Dec. 31 2000 the authors examined sonographically 127 patients indicated for aortocoronary bypass on account of affection of three arteries. Diabetes mellitus type 2 was present in 44 patients. A significant stenosis was detected in 4 (5%) without diabetes and in 5 (11%) patients with diabetes (p < 0.05), moreover in two patients with diabetes complete obstruction of the inner carotid was found....
[Initial experience with use of cationic propyl gallate as an inducer of thrombocyte aggregation in evaluation of anti-aggregation therapy].
A Petrzelová, D Stejskal, J Prosková, I Oral, S Dostálová, B Lacnák, I Sebecková, D Horalík, J Zapletalová, J Bartek, H Vecerová
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):747-752
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the basic preparations which are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. ASA administration leads to irreversible restriction of platelet aggregation. The objective of our work was to test possibilities of monitoring the effectiveness of ASA therapy by measuring the platelet aggregability in vitro after induction with cationic propyl gallate (CPG) which is considered a very potent aggregation inductor.METHOD: We examined a group of 27 healthy volunteers divided into two sub-groups (n = 19, n = 8). In the first sub-group the platelet aggregation was examined before and after...
[Serum copper levels in patients with chronic heart failure associated with systolic left ventricular dysfunction and its relation to the severity of cardiac failure].
F Málek, R Spacek, R Polásek, L Karel, P Stanka, M Zenáhlíková, E Jiresová
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):753-756
UNLABELLED: The authors examined the serum copper concentrations in a group of 40 patients with chronic heart failure and significant systolic left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 35%. In 21 patients the examination was made on admission to hospital on account of deterioration of cardiac insufficiency (group A), in 19 patients with stable chronic cardiac failure the examination was made at the out-patient department (group B). Assessment of serum copper concentrations was made by the method of absorption spectrophotometry under standard conditions. Assessment of the ejection fraction of the left ventricle and dimensions...
[Primary PTCA in the treatment of acute myocardial infarct. Experience at the Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove].
P Cervinka, J S»ásek, D Cernohorský, M Brtko, V Rozsíval, A Herman, I Varvarovský, M Pleskot, J Dominik, J Malý
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):757-762
INTRODUCTION: Primary coronary angioplasty is at present a fully accepted and worldwide method of treatment of acute myocardial infarction. As proved by a number of randomized studies, this treatment is associated with a higher rate of coronary patency, a smaller infarction focus an better clinical results as compared with thrombolytic treatment.METHOD: The authors analyzed a register of 233 consecutively treated patients with primary coronary angioplasty in the Faculty Hospital in Hradec Králové with elevation of the ST sections on electrocardiographic examination during the period from September 1997-January 2001.RESULTS: Acute success...
[Mitral stenosis evaluated with three-dimensional echocardiography].
G Valocik, O Kamp, C A Visser, R Rybár, L Pundová, D Trejbal
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):763-767
The authors evaluated the possibilities of three-dimensional echocardiography in the assessment of the severity of mitral valve stenosis. In 45 patients, the Doppler pressure half-time method was compared with two three-dimensional echocardiographic methods in the measurement of mitral valve orifice: anyplane echocardiography and surface rendering. There was significant relation between them: r = 0.74 and r = 0.70, both p < 0.0001. In addition, mitral valve stenosis was also quantified by two new indices, such as the doming volume of the mitral apparatus and mitral valve volume. Subgroup analysis revealed relation between atrial fibrillation and...
[Effect of nitrates on active transport of iodine].
E Szökeová, M Tajtáková, L Mirossay, J Mojzis, P Langer, E Marcinová, J Petrovicová, E Zemberová, J Bodnár
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):768-771
Active iodine transport into the thyrocyte is catalyzed by the transmembrane transport protein Na+/J- symport (NIS) Nitrates can expel iodine from the bond with this transport protein which was found not only in the thyrocyte membrane but also in the cell membrane of the gastric mucosa. The weight of the thyroid gland in mg was significantly greater even when calculated in relation to body weight in the NIT group of rats who were given for 6 days nitrate by gastric tube (100 mg/kg/day) as compared with controls (CON) 17.56 +/- 8.4, 0.07 +/- 0.03/12.10 +/- 9.57, 0.05 +/- 0.03, P < or = 0.01. A lower thyroid activity in per cent calculated per 1 mg...
[Surgical treatment of ischemia in the diabetic foot syndrome].
P Tosenovský, B Zálesák, L Janousek, M Adamec, A Jirkovská
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):772-776
The authors present their results of the treatment of diabetic foot critical ischemia by means of surgical revascularisation together with minor amputation or debridement. They discuss the causes of higher amputations and re-amputations in revascularised ischemic diabetic lower limbs and presents patency rates in different types of peripheral arterial bypasses. The authors evaluated 81 diabetic feet with chronic critical ischemia, where they performed 50 arterial bypass procedures in the 50 limbs (13 femoropopliteal, 13 femorodistal, 19 pedal bypasses and 5 aorto/ilicofemoral or extraanatomical bypasses). 41 minor amputations or debridements (82%),...
[Problems in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes].
A Adamíková
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):777-780
The standard of care of mother and child is in the foreground of interest of the lay public. Gestational diabetes is associated with an increased mortality and morbidity of the foetus, unless diagnosed in time and adequately treated. The screening test for detection of gestational diabetes (according to O'Sullivan) is made in all pregnant women of the Zlín district since 1985. Within 4 months (September-December 2000) it was made in more than 700 women. Of these 58 positive screenings were referred to our out-patient department. Supplemented by oGTT (75 g, WHO). 19 patients with gestational diabetes were detected, 6 with impaired glucose tolerance...
[Prevention of septic conditions in adult patients with functional hyposplenism and after splenectomy].
Z Rácil
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):781-789
Splenectomy and functional hyposplenism predispose the patient to serious life threatening infections. The most frequent pathogenic organism which causes serious infections in splenectomized adults or hyposplenic patients is Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the etiology of these conditions however also a number of other bacterial and non-bacterial microorganisms may be involved. The risk of serious infections and deaths may be markedly reduced by simple preventive measures, education of the patient, vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis.
[Transplantation of hepatocytes--present status and future perspectives].
J Smrzová, J Ulrichová, P Dítě, J Lata
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):790-796
Transplantation of hepatocytes as an alternative to the transplantation of the liver has been investigated since the 70s of the 20th century. Work on animal models confirmed that transplanted hepatocytes can survive, reproduce and compensate for missing liver functions, Recent clinical studies indicate that hepatocyte transplantation can also play its part in the treatment of acute liver failure, some inborn metabolic deficiencies and liver cirrhosis. In the acute liver failure, metabolic support by means of hepatocytes can help to overcome the period up to transplantation or regeneration of the liver. In the case of loss of a major fraction of the...
[Sensitivity of arterial pressure to salt as an independent prognostic factor in hypertension].
J Veselý
Vnitr Lek 2001, 47(11):797-801
Considerable evidence has accumulated indicating that sodium sensitivity of blood pressure is an important prognostic factor in hypertension. This review focuses on clinical studies showing close association between sodium sensitivity and cardiovascular diseases such as glomerular capillary hypertension, cerebrovascular events and left ventricular hypertrophy. The mechanisms of therapeutic action of diuretics in salt-sensitive hypertension are discussed.