Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):515-519 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.089

Non-hematogenic activity of erythropoietin

Luboslav Stárka^*, Michaela Dušková

Endokrinologický ústav, Praha

The cytokine erythropoietin is the main hemopoietic factor synthesized mainly by the kidney. However, erythropoietin and its receptors are expressed in several tissues and exert pleiotropic activities also in nonhemopoietic tissues. Erythropoietin has an antiapoptotic activity and plays a potential neuroprotective, nefroprotective and cardioprotective role against ischemia and other type of injury. Erythropoietin is also involved in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and the immune response. It can prevent metabolic alterations, vascular and neuronal degeneration, and inflammatory cell activation. Erythropoietin reduces hyperglycaemia and retards proliferative retinopathy in diabetic patients. Consequently, erythropoietin may be of therapeutic value for a variety of disorders. This short review provides an insight into the nonhemopoietic role of erythropoietin and its mechanisms of action. For elimination of polycythaemia after erythropoietin administration analogues without haematopoietic activity were prepared and tested in animals and in some cases also evaluated in clinical trials.

Keywords: diabetes; energetic metabolism; erythropoietin; pleitropic action; proliferative retinopathy; tissue protective effect

Received: January 10, 2019; Accepted: February 11, 2019; Published: July 1, 2019  Show citation