Vnitr Lek 2014, 60(9):680-683
Long-term acting insulin analogues and the risks of hypoglycemic incidence
- Diabetologické centrum Interní kliniky a Krajské nemocnice T. Bati, a.s., Zlín, přednosta prim. MUDr. Jiří Latta
As recommendation for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, incorporating individualization of therapeutic targets for patients with co-morbidities, for whom hypoglycemia increases the risk of complications. The sufficient target value is 60 mmol/mol of HbA1c under the guidelines of Czech Diabetesl Society. Insulin therapy becomes essential for a whole line of patients, including those of advanced age, in relation to duration of diabetes and progression of the disease. The Diabetes and Aging Study observed patients of ≥ 60 years age with diabetes, in which hypoglycemia ranked among the most frequent side effects of therapy and where incidence increased with age. It is necessary to select simple insulin regimens which are in accordance with the associated diseases and the age of the person. A therapy of basal insulin analogues, linked to a low risk rate of hypoglycemic incidence, enables combination with oral antidiabetic drugs and GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Keywords: basal insulin analogues; hypoglycemia; type 2 diabetes mellitus
Received: May 16, 2014; Accepted: July 24, 2014; Published: September 1, 2014 Show citation
References
- Willis DW, Diago-Cabezudo JI, Madec-Hilly A et al. Medical resource use, disturbance of daily life and burden of hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients with diabetes. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2013; 13(1): 123-130.
Go to original source... 
Go to PubMed... - Škrha J. Hypoglykemie. Od patofyziologie ke klinické praxi. Maxdorf: Praha 2013: 58-62. ISBN 978-80-7345-319-0.
- Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Genuth S et al. Long-term effects of intensive glucose lowering on cardiovascular outcomes. N Engl J Med 2011; 364(9): 818-828. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Huang ES, Laiteerapong N, Liu JY et al. Rates of complications and mortality in older diabetes patients: the Diabetes and Aging Study. JAMA Intern Med 2014; 174(2): 251-258. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Lonn EM, Bosch J, Diaz R et al. GRACE and ORIGIN investigators: Effect of insulin glargine and n-3FA on carotid intima-media thickness in people with dysglycemia at high risk for cardiovascular events: the Glucose Reduction and Atherosclerosis Continuing Evaluation Study (ORIGIN-GRACE). Diabetes Care 2013; 36(9): 2466-2474. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Pennartz C, Schenker N, Menge BA et al. Chronic reduction of fasting glycemia with insulin glargine improves first. And second-phase insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34(9): 2048-2053. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Fonseca V, Gill J, Zhou R et al. An analysis of early insulin glargine added to metformin with or without sulfonylurea: impact on glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13(9): 814-822. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Niswender K, Piletic M, Andersen H et al. Weight change upon once-daily initiation of insulin detemir with or without dietary intervention in overweight or obese insulin-naïve individuals with type 2 diabetes: results from the DIET trial. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 2014; 16: 186-192. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- SPC Tresiba. Dostupné z WWW: <http://www.ema.europa.eu>.
- Zinman B, Philis-Tsimikas A, Cariou B et al. Insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year, randomized, treat-to-target trial (BEGIN Once Long). Diabetes Care 2012; 35(12): 2464-2471. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Philis-Tsimikas A, Brod M, Niemeyer M et al. Insulin degludec once-daily in type 2 diabetes: simple or step-wise titration (BEGIN: Once Simple Use). Adv Ther 2013; 30(6): 6)7-622. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Gough SCL, Bhargava A, Jain R et al. Low-volume insulin degludec 200 units/ml once daily improves glycemic control similarly to insulin glargine with a low risk of hypoglycemia in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26-week, randomized, controlled, multinational, treat-to-target trial: the BEGIN LOW VOLUME trial. Diabetes Care 2013; 36(9): 2536-2542. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Barnett AH, Huisman H, Jones R et al. Linagliptin for patients aged 70 years or older with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with common antidiabetes treatments: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2013; 382(9902): 1413-1423. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Riddle MC, Forst T, Aronson R et al. Adding once-daily lixisenatide for type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with newly initiated and continuously titrated basal insulin glargine: a 24-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study (GetGoal-Duo 1). Diabetes Care 2013; 36(9): 2497-2503. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...