Vnitr Lek 2005, 51(7-8):845-853

Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in the view of its genetic changes

J. Gumulec^1,*, M. Penka², R. Richterová¹, M. Brejcha¹, D. Klodová¹, M. Wróbel¹, P. Janotová¹, K. Klaricová¹, M. Kneiflová¹, M. Kučerová¹, M. Radina¹

¹ Centrum pro trombózu a hemostázu při Onkologickém centru J. G. Mendla, Nový Jičín, přednosta prim. MUDr. Jaromír Gumulec

² Oddělení klinické hematologie FN Brno, pracoviště Bohunice, přednosta prof. MUDr. Miroslav Penka, CSc.

Uniqueness of the role of thrombocytes in a genesis of arterial thrombotic occlusions turns the attention to the platelets and platelet glycoproteins, which are involved in the process of platelet thrombus formation. Genetic variants of platelet glycoproteins originating from point mutations of their genes can be associated with increased thrombocyte aggregability (GP IIIa PlA1/PlA2). GP IIIa PlA2 (complex GP IIb/IIIa) variant significantly increases thrombocyte aggregability and mediates smooth muscle cells proliferation changes. Pl(A) polymorphism seems to interfere in the aetiopathogenesis of coronary disease and MI so that men with PlA2 allele have more frequently thin-walled vulnerable coronary plaques predisposed to ruptures with subsequent massive (fatal) thrombosis. On the other hand PlA1/PlA1 genotype is more frequently associated with the presence of fixed plaques when MI originates from the coronary stenosis progression. Meta-analyses of clinical trials results identify this polymorphism to be mild risk factor for coronary disease, occurrence of myocardial infarction, restenosis after percutaneous revascularisation interventions, occlusions in the site of aortocoronary bypass grafting and cerebral vascular event.

Keywords: thrombocytes; arterial thrombotic occlusions; platelet glycoproteins; glycoprotein IIb, III; coronary disease

Received: March 11, 2005; Accepted: March 11, 2005; Published: July 1, 2005  Show citation