[Anti-HCV positivity in blood donors].

J Ehrmann, A Záková, I Krc

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):227-229

At the blood transfusion department of the Faculty Hospital in Olomouc in 1992 and 1993 18,293 blood donors were examined and in 70, i.e. 0.38% anti-HCV positivity was found. All positive subjects were subjected to clinical, laboratory and sonographic examination and are checked regularly at the Second Medical Clinic. In none of the patients liver biopsy was performed so far. The clinical, laboratory and sonographic findings provide evidence of liver damage in 15, i.e. 21.4%. In two of them, i.e. in 2.8%, the findings support the diagnosis of chronic active hepatitis; this will be verified by biopsy. The authors consider dispensarization of anti-HCV...

[Ineffectiveness of ACE inhibitors (enalapril) on glomerular damage in rats after a 5/6 nephrectomy and a high-salt diet].

L Cervenka, J Heller, S Hellerová

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):230-234

Wistar rats with surgically removed 5/6 of renal parenchyma were fed either standard (0.35% salt content) or a high-salt (2%) diet. Half of the animals of each group drunk plain water while the other half was provided water enriched with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril (ENA) at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day. In rats receiving standard diet, ENA had a significant inhibitory effect on the consequences of ablation: the rats had normal blood pressure, low proteinuria, and high endogenous creatinine clearance compared to water-drinking controls. The high-salt diet significantly enhanced the sequelae of ablation: a high blood pressure and proteinuria,...

[Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in bicarbonate hemodialysis and acetate-free biofiltration].

J Eiselt, J Racek, V Holecek, Z Jerábek, K Opatrný

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):235-239

Acetate-free biofiltration (AFB) is a modern haemodiafiltration method used at present as a variant in treatment of chronic renal failure. In AFB and standard bicarbonate haemodialysis (BHD), performed under equal conditions in 20 patients with chronic renal failure the authors investigated the degree of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defence system. As a marker of lipid peroxidation they used malondialdehyde (MDA); as to antioxidant factors they investigated the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHP) in red blood cells and the selenium (Se) concentration in blood. The MDA values were elevated in both dialyzation...

[Etophylline clofibrate in the treatment of familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia].

K Raslová, M Hucková

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):240-242

The authors investigated the effect of the hypolipaemic agent ethophylline clofibrate (Duolip forte) on some parameters of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with combined familial hyperlipoproteinaemia. They administered the pharmaceutic to 12 patients-500 mg for a period of 3 months. As to biochemical parameters they assessed the total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, apo-B, apo-A-I; blood glucose and IRI levels using the glucose tolerance test following the dose of 75 g glucose. The patients were checked on and three months after the onset of treatment. During treatment a significant drop of the apo-B level occurred (1.34...

[Tolerance and results of treatment of Hodgkin's disease].

M Krahulová, M Pisarcíková, Z Adam, J Vorlícek, N Hejlová, J Mayer, S Spelda

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):243-247

At present the accepted standard chemotherapeutic treatment of Hodgkin's disease is therapy according to the MOPP pattern (mustargen, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone) alternating with the ABVD therapeutic pattern (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine). It is substantial for achieving optimal results to administer the planned treatment in non-reduced doses and at the scheduled time. In the submitted paper the authors describe the tolerance of chemotherapy and its results in 15 patients and the tolerance of radiotherapy in another four patients suffering from Hodgkin's disease. Complications of chemotherapy (leukopenia and infection)...

[Bleeding time in incisions in patients with thrombocyte transfusion].

J Malý, M Pecka, Z Pavlíková, L Jebavý, M Bláha, M Kmonícek, O Siroký, S Filip

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):248-251

The authors used the Simplate test (Organon Teknika) to examine the bleeding time from an incision in 15 healthy blood donors and found normal values of 3.45 +/- 0.90 min. The authors proved a close correlation between the improvement of the number of platelets in 10 patients with thrombocytopenia, treated with thrombocyte infusions and the improvement of the bleeding time when using the Simplate R test after one hour and after 24 hours following thrombocyte administration. Examination of the bleeding time by means of the Simplate R test (Organon Teknika) was well tolerated by the authors' patients and the test does not produce any side-effects.

[Postischemic ("stunned") and chronic ischemic ("hibernating") cardiac muscle].

M Takác, S Koval, V Takác

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):252-257

Stunning of the heart muscle is a postischaemic dysfunction observed after reperfusion. The stunned heart muscle is functional, the restoration of contractility is slow. The stunning of the heart muscle is probably due to a partial disorder of the electromechanical mechanisms caused by impaired calcium homeostasis. Substances which protect against the development of stunning are substances which eliminate oxygen radicals and calcium channel blockers which adjust the calcium homeostasis in cells. The "hibernating myocardium" is a state of contractile dysfunction during chronic hypoperfusion of the heart muscle. When the blood flow is restored, the contractility...

[Transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. 1].

J Mayer, J Vorlícek

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):258-262

The authors present a review of findings pertaining to the transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells of the peripheral blood. They pay particular attention to the theoretical basis of this transplantation, its history and technical procedure. The selection of literature concentrates on important original work. The whole problem was divided into three parts. In the first part the authors pay attention to haematopoiesis, cultivation of haematopoietic cells and the discovery of haematopoietic stem cells of the peripheral blood.

[Transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. 2].

J Mayer

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):263-265

The authors present a review of findings pertaining to the transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells of the peripheral blood. They pay particular attention to the theoretical basis of this transplantation, its history and technical procedure. The selection of literature concentrates on important original work. The author divided the problem into three parts. In the present second part they pay attention to the beginnings of the clinical application of stem cell transplantations. The author describes work which revealed that the concentration of peripheral stem cells can be elevated under certain conditions, as well as work dealing with the first...

[Transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. 3].

J Mayer, J Vorlícek

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):266-270

The authors are presenting a review of findings pertaining to the transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells in the peripheral blood. They pay attention in particular to the theoretical basis of this transplantation, history and technical procedure. The selection of literature concentrates on important original work. The authors divided the whole problem into three parts. In the present third part they pay attention to methods od stimulation of the concentration of stem cells, the importance of assessing their concentration by means of flow-cytometry, blood separators, cryopreservation and administration of stem cells. Perspectives for the future...

[Pulmonary function in patients with chronic kidney failure].

R Tkácová

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):271-274

Changes in the function of the respiratory system are among the frequent complications of chronic renal failure whereby their clinical impact is manifested above all in critically ill patients. A typical finding during ventilometric examinations is the limited airflow in the distal airways, and even the clinical picture of obstructive ventilation disorder is not rare. A reduced diffusion capacity of the lungs for CO was found in uraemic patients in long-term dialyzation program as well as after successful renal transplantation. The function of respiratory muscles is characterized by a reduction of the maximal inspiration and expiration pressure. Chronic...

[Development of internal medicine as a discipline at the Medical School of Masaryk University].

M Stejfa

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):275-278

The lecture presented in extenso at the Conference held to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Medical Faculty, Masaryk University in the assembly hall of the New Townhall in Brno on November 11, 1994 deals with the development of medical disciplines at the Medical Faculty, Masaryk University since the opening of the first general hospital in 1786, where after the foundation of Masaryk University in 1919 the clinics of the Medical Faculty were established. The author mentions the difficult beginnings when the discipline was gradually established, the destruction of equipment during the Second World War after the universities were closed down, the...

[Difficulties in the therapy of primary amyloidosis].

J Mach

Vnitr Lek 1995, 41(4):286-287